requestId:68499aae8246d6.20111629.
Speaking of “The father is hidden by the son, and the son is hidden by the father, and it is right here”
Author: Huang Qixiang (Associate from the Central Seminar of Shandong University of Philosophy and Social Development and the China Review Research Institute)
Source: Author Author Authorization by Confucian Network, original article “Literature, History and Philosophy” 2017 No. 3.
Time: Confucius was in the 2568th year of Dingyou June 27th day of Wushen Dingwei
Jesus July 20, 2017
Abstract : In the past decade, the academic world has had a scientific battle over the “father-son intercourse” problem over the development of Confucian ethics. One side believes that father and son are in line with the truth and sentiment of nature; the other side believes that father and son are in line with the law and morality. Both sides do not agree on the evaluation of father and son, but the understanding of father and son is similar, that is, they all believe that father and son are mutually intimate, and they all believe that Confucius regards respect for respect as “direct” virtue. However, after a detailed assessment of the “Speech” and related documents, it was found that the above understanding was a misreading reading of Confucius. What Confucius said, “The father is aware of the son, and the son is aware of the father” is not aware of each other, but a correct family attribute and active moral integrity. “The father and son are intimate, and they are in this” is not an initiative to commit favoritism or indifference to social morality, but to remind you of a virtue path that solves the problem of “two difficulties in filial piety (charity)”.
Keywords:The father is obsessed with the son; the son is obsessed with the father; straight virtue; family righteousness; Taoist rituals: “Ye Gong said to Confucius: There is a straight bow in my party, and his father robs the sheep, and the son dictates it. Confucius said: The straightforward thing in my party is different, so the father is obsessed with the son, and the son is obsessed with the father, and it is directly in this.” [1]
How to evaluate the mutual understanding between father and son as Confucius said, there were different views in the pre-Qin period. From Mencius, we can understand that he was Sweetheart Garden praised his son as his father. From the comments that Han Wu had directly verified his father, he could see that he opposed his son as his father.Hidden. Since Emperor Wu of Han’s “respecting Confucianism alone”, the commentators of “The Book of Thoughts” have basically confirmed the father and son, regardless of the reasons they proposed are different. Over the past decade, many scholars in the academic community have started a discussion on this issue. The debate has even been upgraded to the battle between “respecting Confucianism” and “anti-Confucianism”, and extended to the recognition and evaluation of China’s traditional civilization and the embrace system of Chinese and Western China. This argument is mainly divided into two parties. One party believes that father and son are in harmony with each other, and maintains normal ethical relations and social harmony, which should become the energy element and the content of our era. The other side believes that father and son are incompatible with each other is a narrow and backward concept of law and morality, persecuting the legitimacy of laws and social order, and is a conceived source of thinking about the supremacy of friendship and the current corruption such as impartiality and misconduct. The penman calls the former the positive side and the latter the opposite side. Although the views of both parties have been modified under the criticism of the other party, their respective basic positions have not changed. This article does not stand on the standpoint of either party, but uses discussions on important views of both parties, and through the remarks of “Theory” and related texts, it reminds Confucius’ long-covered words of his own meaning.
1. Father and son are intimate: is the truth and emotion or is it against morality?
In this more than ten years of academic dispute, the positive side’s protection of father-son mutual understanding can be combined into two aspects, namely the fairness of father-son mutual understanding and the persecution of father-son complaints. The former can be divided into three parts. First, the root and absolute nature of bloody feelings; second, the relative importance of bloody feelings in terms of moral values; third, bloody feelings are higher than laws. The latter can be divided into two departments, namely the absolute persecution and the relative persecution brought by the father and son. The criticism and refutation of the opposition are based on this.
First, the righteous side believes that the relationship between father and son is due to the truth and emotion. This point adheres to a mainstream protection of father-son mutual relevance in history [2]. In the positive view, “Confucianism believes that the relationship between father and son is absolutely mutual and certain” [3]. Love begins with the beginning, forgiveness begins with the beginning. To love others, you must first love blood. If a person does not love his blood, he will not love others. “Since he does not love his blood, why should he love others?” [4] Therefore, they believe that relative relative is human nature, “a basic right that cannot be passed down” [5], “humane and broad-minded concept” [6], belonging to “the normal state of human society” [7], “For all normal people in normal times, the universal rationality of ‘geek mutual’ is undoubtedly unknown” [8].
The opposing side believed that Confucius advocated the mutual understanding between father and son was equivalent to believing that bloody love was a condition for all human behaviors to be just, which was equivalent to “clearly advocating: If the father had done the stolen behavior of cheating and harming others, the son should cover up, even if he did this, he would deny the kindness of the benevolent loves others’ kindness, moves towards the evil of others’ profits, and becomes a “gentleman” who “multiple helps and hides misfortunes”.”[9] In the opposing view, “Confucius’s argument about the ‘father-son intercourse’ is the most typical example. Confucian ethics regards affection as the basis for establishing ethics at a very large level.” However, “the kind of affection that prompts father-son to hide their evil deeds is not only true or strong, but it is all… unhealthy and unethical affection. …The reason for treating true feelings as ‘son as father-intimacy’ is unfounded”[10].
Secondly, the righteous side believes that the justice of father-in-law and son mutual lies in the relative importance of father-in-law and son relationship in the moral system. Specifically, it is to maintain the relationship between father and son before being upright and abide by the law. “When value conflicts occur, it is important to protect the relationship between father and son and other people”[11]. “Why must we have to let the path to father and son relationship with each other in the moral system? …In the view of Confucianism, the value of father and son’s relationship should be more important than the value of being straightforward” [12]. In short, “The fate of ‘father and son’ is revealed… In front of the suddenness of morality, the moral principles of filial piety and ‘compassion’ such as ‘filial piety’ and ‘compassion’ should be based on the basis of kinship. First position”[13].
The opposing side believes that this is actually the supreme truth of blood. In their opinion, “Confucius’ philosophy’s leading energy is actually a way to not only give blood and affection to the root position, but also pay it to The superior meaning emphasizes its sacred and uninvasive energy”[14]. Once a father and son are filial and honest and upright, Confucius “hopes that people will not hesitate to sacrifice honest and upright social morality, and through the “father-son relationship” to maintain the bloody relationship between father and son, and then clearly bring home Private morality in the court is superior to social morality”[15], “put the bloody norm of ‘father and son’ above the general principle of ‘integrity’”[16]. “As long as you develop from this kind of love, all behaviors between father and son are rational and natural and decent. Faith is regarded as a basis for obscureness. ”[17] They also believed that this was contrary to the Confucian spirit of “respect our elders and the elderly of others”. Therefore, Confucius, Mencius and Confucianism were included in the paradox of trying to use filial piety as the basis to realize benevolence, and on the other hand, in order to maintain filial piety and not stingy with benevolence.
Third, the right
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